should see its head struck down by one who disclaimed against oppression and despotism is indeed indicative of symptoms that should cause alarm to the people of the world.
The cry is, what shall be done with the anarchists? A man who had no personal enemies, who represented, and truly represented, the people. is killed by one inflamed by wrongs based on misunderstandings and ignorance and envy. He strikes, and the world does not know when another blow will be dealt. Without question, revolutionary anarchists stand in no need of sympathetic treatment; they are not in a position to object to whatever shall be done with them. But for our own dignity's sake and for the sake of him who, placed at the head of our government, was murdered because he was the head, we should refrain from that worse exhibition of hatred and revenge, which so many people advocate.
"The Outlook for Israel"
UNDER the above caption the “Mail and Express” (N. Y.) puts the query: “What answer may be made for the Jewish people to the question which, in another form, each of the faithful is supposed to ask himself upon Rosh Hashana? Is its name to be inscribed in the world’s Book of Life?”
It observes that "all over the world the race is in motion physically and spiritually . . . . Anti-Semitism is rising in Austria, Germany, Italy and evoking in its train the mediaeval superstition of ritual murder. The Jew is not discriminated against in England or the United States, but under full toleration, it appears, he is slowly merging his blood into the mass of the community in one nation and swiftly qualifying his creed and his ritual to conform to the atmosphere of the other. Through persecution or through toleration the adjustment of the Jew, emerging from the Dark Ages of Israel, with his Oriental, deductive, traditional habit of mind, to the Occidental, inductive and intensely modern spirit, has gone on. Each influence has left its marks upon him . . . . Economic pressure has told upon Israel on the Continent and social pressure in England. In America, while the orthodox element has been greatly strengthened by immigration, the reform movement has divested itself of a mass of cherished tradition."
From a careful observation of the situation, which, from the above alone, would seem to be
very dismal, the "Mail and Express" concludes as follows:
‘“ As against this response to causes outside itself is seen the working of forces from within that promise to preserve Israel as a distinctive people. The race is feeling the pull of new centripetal forces to balance the lessening weight of tr.ıdition. It is organizing, consciousiy and unconsciously . . . . Universities, libraries, conventions, philanthropies. a pres“, a renascent enthusiasm for Hebrew literature,’are agencies that are co-operating 10 restore the sense of national unity But over all towers the ideal of Zionism—the return of the race to Palestine and the erection there of a state under the Suzeranty of the Sultan. It may be a dream. but it is suc a dream as has recreated Hungary. Bohemis, the Balkans. Only four years oldas a practical idea, it has planted its colonies in “the purple East,’’ and what signifies more, it has planted a new principle of unity in the heart of srael. Every year at the Zionist conventions the tide of national feeling has swelled higher. There may never be a new state in Zion, and there probably never will be a general emigration movement into the Holy Land.» But who shall say it is impossible that there shall be a gradual gravitation of Hebrewstthither? Who would take away from Israel that splendid dream when, as Mr. Zangwill has said, it promises an asylum for the poor and an ideal for the rich and for both an inspiration ?°’
Water for Jerusalem
THE erection of an aqueduct which will furnish sufficient fresh water for use in Jerusalem has aroused much interest in the ancient method of securing water for the Holy City. The “Pools of Solomon,” the name being based on a biblical allusion, were the mainsprings, at one time, of Jerusalem’s water supply. In a letter which has appeared recently, by Thomas Chaplin, M. D., some information is given of the ancient water system as viewed by moderns. He says that: The deplorable sanitary condition of Jerusalem had as early as 1863 engaged the attention of the late Dean Stanley, under whose auspices a small committee was formed, and a sum of £500 was contributed by Miss Boudett-Coutts for enabling an accurate survey of the city and its neighborhood to be made. Captain Wilson, R. E. (now Major-General Sir Charles W. Wilson), was sent out with an efficient staff, and the result of his survey was published by Sir Henry James, R. E., at that time director of the Ordnance Survey, in the well-known work entitled “Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem,” which, besides plans and descriptions of Jerusalem and its chief buildings, included the levelling of the country from Jaffa to Jerusalem and on as far as the “Pools