The Maccabaean

a social democratic Palestine for the Jewish nation, but this integration of the Jews does not exclude their differentiation and organization for different political, social, religious purposes and functions. If the Poale Zion, for instance, should join the Zionist Organization on the basis of the district plan, the integrity of their Socialist-Zionist organization cannot suffer any injury. More than ever the Poale Zion must increase their special activities and grow as a purely proletarian party in order to accomplish in reality

the social democracy in Palestine, which they have been advocating in theory for the last twenty years. Of course, just as in the congress movement, provision must be made also in the Zionist Organization for giving to the different minorities not merely the right, but also the possibility of representation.

The epoch-making Convention at Pittsburgh has laid the corner stone of a new Zionism, a Zionism on a Socialistic basis, embracing all Israel.

THE important thing in warfare is to be sure of one's support. To plunge forward on a favorable front, trusting to chance to lead to success, is to practice the art of the gambler, and not the art of generalship. A brilliant sally is not brilliant unless it is followed up effectively with force. One should always be certain that there exists, in the rear of the line of advance, a commissary department, ammunition, railway equipment, re-enforcements, equal to any foreseeable need.

The wise statesman is not deceived by appearances of victory, nor does he regard a position as taken unless he feels able to carry the burdens arising out of the immediate situation. He knows that every advance must be followed by a consolidation of forces, which means that the rear must be brought into closer and easier communication with the front, if the front is to be maintained intact.

Many Zionists are under the impression that at Pittsburgh we indulged in the luxury of a reorganization. Facing the realization of our hope, they think, we should not have given as much time as was given to the trivial details of organization. What is the difference—Districts, Consolidation, Unity of Policy, Societies, etc.—unless we gird ourselves for the task of actually getting possession of Palestine?

The Zionist movement has made remarkable progress during the past four years. One position after another has been taken. The old Jewish organizations, long the bulwarks of the status quo, citadels of inaction, have succumbed, crumbling before the advancing national ideal, and when they become conscious of what had happened to them, they found themselves enveloped and assimilated by the Zionist forces. The Zionist organization won the leadership in American Jewish life through a bitter struggle, which stirred the masses of the population. As a result of the agitation in the Jewish Congress movement, and of the public events affecting Jewish life, Zionism has become the magic word that conquers all. It is the unifying force of Jewish life.

The British Declaration was the climax of the agitation. It permanently swept away all organized opposition. And when, with great magnanimity and farsightedness, the British government cleared the ground of Palestine for the advance of the Jewish people—reopened the Anglo-Palestine Bank, gave the Zionist Administrative Commission great opportunities for service, opened the way for the recruiting of a Jewish Legion to fight in Palestine, let our American Zionist Medical Unit take up its work of sanitation and healing—there loomed before us a program of action in Palestine, leading into paths undreamt of by even the most

enthusiastic. Here was the work the reawakened Jewish people were called upon to do. The period of reconstruction was to begin with the taking of Jerusalem, and to continue until the holding of the Peace Conference, and from month to month, we were to engage all our forces in the practical work of restoration. Every Zionist made by the British Declaration should be asked to work; the Zionist Organization should turn over its affairs to the Jewish people and retire; what need was there for organization when the Jewish people could be persuaded easily to take up, ad hoc, any plan we might present to them?

This seemed splendid. Let there be a Jewish Legion movement, a Red Mogen David movement, a movement to get capital for the bank, let the Russian Zionists organize an agrarian bank, a steamship company, the American Jews organize industrial enterprises, and all working toward the same end would produce a Palestine which would be the center of Jewish national life.

But we would have been negligent, short-sighted guardians of the national ideal if we allowed ourselves to be swept off our feet by this drang toward Palestinian achievement, regardless of our lines of communication, regardless of the responsibilities involved in the very things made necessary by the immediate circumstances. Not upon this spontaneous outburst of interest in Palestine should we rely for the steady, determined, continuous push there must be behind the Zionist movement if it is to be successful in the measure all of us have dreamed it should succeed.

Palestine is not going to be rebuilt by the haphazard, planless method of the pre-Herzlian period. Palestine is not going to become the national homeland by a free, independent, individual movement in the direction of Zion. Behind the effort to be made there must be a responsible, continuous, organized Jewish people, without which the Zionist movement falls to the level of what was Jewish "movement" before the war broke and brought the possibility of permanent national achievement.

The organization—that is our insurance against the future. The organization—that protects the continuity of effort. The organization—that is the soul and the body of the Jewish national will.

It would have been easier to take full advantage, ad hoc, of the remarkable sentiment for Palestine aroused by the British Declaration and the taking of Palestine. It was a harder task to pause, to turn back and to strengthen our line of communication, strengthen the bond that ties us to Palestine by increasing the content of Zionist self-sacrifice, by introducing discipline, drudgery, and enforced service in the difficulties of training an army. No one denies that there