The Maccabaean

nia at Petaluma. The landscape for miles around is literally covered with poultry houses and dotted with poultry." (Lewis Prod. Poultry Husbandry, p. 12; 2nd edition.) The total value of poultry stock in 1910 amounted to $3,844,526, which was an increase of 102 per cent as compared with 1900. The value of the poultry industry for 1916 was over $15,000,000, according to United States statistics.

Besides the above mentioned forms of animal husbandry California produces large quantities of honey, wool and mutton. It also produces large quantities of vegetables for export, such as peas, beans, potatoes, cantaloupes and lettuce. In 1918 California shipped over a thousand carloads of lettuce to the eastern markets.

Animal Husbandry a Solution of Important Agricultural Problems

We have presented these California statistics to show that it is not only a fruit producing country. When we study the agricultural developments of our states that are similar to Palestine, such as New Mexico and most of the dry belt states, we note the radical changes that are taking place and most of these changes are in the line of animal husbandry. I fail to see why Palestine, of similar soil and climate, should not develop along the same lines. It may be of interest to Zionists to watch the development of Durham, California, where a state colonization scheme is being developed on a most improved system. At the outset, it starts with animal husbandry. It is a mistaken idea that "we must raise in Palestine those crops which will bring us the greatest

returns." In a well established national system of agriculture we look not for "most returns" for the day, but for that permanent system which will develop and increase the productive capacity of the soil from year to year. There is no greater danger in agricultural economics than to look for cash crops without heed to the permanency of the plant food of the soil. No system of permanent agriculture is as profitable in the long run as animal husbandry.

There are other problems than mere dollars and cents that require as much if not more attention in agriculture; one of the most important, perhaps, being that of maintaining the young generation on the farm. It has been proven that on farms where there are animals the youngsters are more attached to the farm than on those farms where there is no livestock. There is nothing more attractive to children than young and growing animals such as calves, lambs, chicks, etc. The boys and girls get attached to these animals and take a daily interest in them. This develops a love of country life.

With the system of animal husbandry, particularly dairy and poultry, we solve the greatest difficulty of the labor problem, namely, the seasonal labor. We do away with it. Animals need to be attended to 365 days in the year and if properly managed they will need most attention when there is least field and orchard work. This kind of arrangement will distribute the labor equally throughout the year. In this manner the farm help is employed the year around and it does away with the long season of idleness for the farm laborer.

Amidst tall palms and old Zeitouns,Near lairs, near dens and ancient caves,Near murm'ring springs and dead lagoons,Near battered, shattered age-worn graves;On mighty cliffs where eagles dwell,On kingly mounts that cast a spellOf wondrous deeds of years gone by—Tinged purple like a dawn-flushed sky,A flower grows called Carmel Rose.Though furious rains attack her head,Though hails and winds do shower blows,She stands unbroken, crimson-red.What gives this tender flower might?To conquer in unequal fight?To withstand storms and rain and hail? . . .There is a legendary tale.

When Jacob's tribes were rent asunderBy quarrels, treachery and strife;And gruesome foes with sword and arrowHad sought to end Jehuda's life,When Titus with his Roman legionsSwooped down like hawks on easy prey;And Jacob's children panting, bleeding

Though beaten yet unconquered lay,Then rose from every town and villageJudea's best and youngest braves. . . .They rather wished a death of heroesThan shameful life of scourging slaves.On every hillock, field or mountain,From Jordan Valley to the seaThey hewed and mowed the Roman hirelingsIn mad, revengeful ecstasy."Five lives for mine and then I care not!"That was the war cry of the braves.They vowed. And kept this death-avowalBefore they found their early graves.

And where a hero made his bedGod—to immortalize the place—Had planted flowers crimson-red,Defying, proud yet full of grace.Does this God's gift, the Carmel Rose,That so invincibly e'er growsBut live in honor of the dead? . . .Does she not symbolize new life,New hopes, new heroes and new strife?